Sometimes in life we are faced with very important questions that we have to answer. It might be while we are in school or college. Perhaps we are called as a witness in a court case, and the prosecuting attorney questions us. In our Scripture today from St. Matthew’s Gospel, Jesus asked His disciples a very important question, which Peter quickly answered. That question is of vital importance to us today, as well. Let’s take a look.
As our Scripture opens, Jesus has taken his disciples to the city of Caesarea Philippi, which was about 25 miles north of the northern shore of the Sea of Galilee, at the far northern edge of Israel. Caesarea Philippi was a very Greek influenced city, filled with pagan idols, shrines, and worship. It was also a very important site of worship to the Greek god Pan, a pagan nature god, and god of sheep and shepherds. In this spiritually dark setting, Jesus asked the most important question that we all must one day answer.
First, Jesus asked the disciples who the people are saying He is? (vs. 13-14). They respond by saying that some said He was John the Baptist. Others said He was Elijah, or Jeremiah, or some other great prophet. These answers showed that though the people admired Jesus, and thought He spoke a message from God, they did not see Him as the divine Messiah.
Today we see that is the case with so many people. If you were to take a survey of people’s thoughts on Jesus, many would say that they admire Him as a great teacher or moral example. However, having respect for Jesus is not saving faith. Unless they acknowledge and confess Jesus as Lord and Christ, they will remain lost, as lost as the pagan or atheist.
Then Jesus turned the question on His disciples there with Him. He asked them who they thought He was (vs. 15-16). This is the dividing line of eternity. Every soul who has or will ever live must answer this question. Peter was the first to respond, saying that he believed Jesus was the Christ, the promised Messiah, and that he believed He was the Son of the living God.
Peter’s confession contained two important doctrines, beliefs that are essential for genuine salvation. First, Peter believed that Jesus is the Christ, the Greek word meaning “Anointed One”. It means the same as the Hebrew word Messiah. This meant that Peter believed that Jesus was the fulfillment of all Old Testament prophecies. Peter also believed that Jesus is the Son of the living God, that He was not merely a prophet, but that He was divine. The apostle didn’t believe that Jesus was merely a good teacher, but that He was God in the flesh. This confession is the foundation of saving faith. Genuine salvation begins with recognizing who Jesus truly is.
Jesus followed up by saying that this spiritual truth was revealed to Peter by God the Father (vs. 17). Human intellect cannot produce saving faith. God must open the heart (John 6:44; I Corinthians 2:14). True conversion is supernatural. It is not emotionalism or human persuasion. It is the work of God. Peter’s confession showed that he had been born again.
In verse 18 Jesus made a serious statement, but also used a play on words. He spoke to Peter, using his name, which in Greek is “Petros”, which means a rock or stone, something that a person can pick up with their hand. Then Jesus said that upon this rock He would build His church. The word “rock” He used here was the Greek word “Petra”, which means a large rock, crag, or large boulder, much bigger than a “petros”. The rock upon which Jesus would build His church was the confession of faith that Peter had given, that Jesus is the Messiah, the Son of the Living God. Jesus promised that the gates of hell would not prevail against His church. Hell cannot stop the advance of the Gospel, and Jesus guaranteed the church’s ultimate victory.
Jesus gave the keys of the Kingdom of Heaven (vs. 19). Keys symbolize authority, and He gave the authority of the Gospel message. When believers preach the Gospel, they open the door of heaven to those who believe. When unbelievers reject the Gospel, the door remains shut. When a believer speaks the Word of God in the Name of Jesus, Satan and his minions know that they have to obey.
Accepting that the Lord Jesus is the Son of God, is Himself divine, is central to saving faith. Peter’s statement is the foundation of the Church, and the Gospel message is the key that opens or closes the Kingdom. Hell cannot stop the advance of Christ’s Church, so stand firm on the identity of Jesus and proclaim the Gospel to others. Trust in Christ’s promise that the Church will prevail.
One final statement to all who read. Jesus still asks the question to everyone - Who do you say that I am? Your answer will determine where you spend eternity.