We begin Holy Week today, that final week of Jesus’ life here on earth, which includes His triumphal entry into Jerusalem, a final few days of teaching, then the Last Supper, His arrest in the Garden of Gethsemane, trial, scourging, and death upon the Cross. Today let us look at one of the clearest Old Testament prophecies of the substitutionary, atoning death of Jesus Christ. In this passage of Scripture, frequently described as the Suffering Servant, from the prophet Isaiah we will see the Messiah’s humiliation and exaltation, His rejection by Israel, His substitutionary suffering, death, burial, and resurrection with His ultimate triumph and reward.
As we begin, we look at the last three verses of chapter 52, where we see the Servant Exalted. As we read, we see that God begins with the end of the story, where His Son, the Messiah, is victorious, not defeated (vs. 13). This was fulfilled in His resurrection, ascension, and then with His glory in God’s future kingdom. After establishing that fact, God then proceeds to show the suffering that the Messiah will endure. This suffering was real, physical, and shocking, not just figurative (vs. 14). By the time that Jesus finally got to the crucifixion, He had been so beaten, scourged, and abused that He barely looked like a man anymore. This was done for the atonement of our sins, both for Israel and for all nations (vs. 15).
Next we look at the Servant Rejected (vs. 1-3). Isaiah prophesied that the people of Israel would be in unbelief. Though a few did believe, as the first Christians were Jewish, the overwhelming majority, then and now, rejected Jesus. Paul quoted this verse in Romans 10:16, regarding the rejection of the gospel. Isaiah continued by saying that in His humanity, Jesus was ordinary, not majestic in looks. Israel was expecting a conquering king, not a humble carpenter. Throughout His ministry Jesus experienced grief, rejection, and misunderstanding. He was misjudged by the people He came to save.
Now we look at the Servant Substituting (vs. 4-6). This portion of our Scripture is the heart of the passage. We read of how Jesus carried our sorrows, the consequences of our sins. While He hung on the cross, the people who gathered around thought that God was punishing Him for His own sins, but they couldn’t have been more wrong. Jesus was being punished for their sins and for our sins. This is the clearest Old Testament statement of substitutionary atonement. We read “for our” repeatedly. Jesus suffered in our place. God laid on Him all of our sins, assigning them to His account. Jesus bore all of our guilt.
Next we see the Servant Suffering Silently (vs. 7-9). Jesus is described as being like a lamb, which evokes imagery from the Passover, which was the Holy Day that was occurring when He was crucified. Like a lamb which goes to its death silently, He was also silent during the mockery of the trial that He had (Matthew 26:63). That trial was unjust, rushed, and illegal. Under both Jewish and Roman law, trials were not to be held at night, nor on holy days (Passover). Nor could they be held in private houses (Caiaphas’ house). Capital offenses needed at least three consistent, unbribed witnesses, and could not be concluded in under a day. These verses were fulfilled literally, as Jesus was crucified between criminals (wicked), and buried in Joseph of Arimathea’s tomb (rich).
As the passage in Isaiah ends, we read about the Servant Vindicated (vs. 10-12). God was not being sadistic. All of this suffering that the Messiah endured had a divine purpose. Jesus’ death was God’s plan for redemption. Jesus bears our iniquities as our substitute, and provides justification for us. The Son of God willingly died for us, being numbered with transgressors as He was crucified among criminals. Now He is seated at God’s right hand interceding for sinners.
God’s Word here clearly teaches us the doctrine of the substitutionary atonement. Jesus, the Messiah, died in our place, bearing our sins. We also see the deity and humanity of Christ. Only a divine, yet human Servant could accomplish this work. We read of how Israel rejected Jesus at His first coming. However they will recognize Him at His return (Zechariah 12:10).
How much does God love you? Enough to sacrifice His only Son for you! He loved you and wanted to save you. The only way for that was for His Son to suffer, to be crushed under the wrath of God, to die. Our staggering sin debt, both past, present, and future, was paid in full when Jesus was put to death. He was separated from His Father and was forsaken for our sake. As we enter into Holy Week, let us remember what the cost of our salvation was.